What is the cause of chronic renal failure? What are the symptoms of chronic renal failure?

First, the cause

Chronic renal failure is extremely extensive, almost all the development of kidney disease can lead to deterioration of chronic renal failure. Acute renal failure without cure, a short period of time there is no death can also be a direct transition to chronic renal failure. The common reasons are described below:

1. Chronic glomerulonephritis progression to the late stage is the most common cause of chronic renal failure.

2. Interstitial nephritis (Interstitial Nephritis) is a group of mainly involving the renal interstitial and renal tubular disease, also known as tubulointerstitial nephropathy (Tubulo-Interstitia Nephropa-thy). Its complex causes, is a common clinical disease, accounting for Urinary system diseases of 25% to 33%, living in the second place of chronic renal failure.

(1) infection: bacteria, viruses, mold, malaria parasite and other invasion of renal interstitial and renal tubules, which represent diseases such as chronic pyelonephritis. Malignant hernia and so on.

(2) immune damage: common drug allergy such as penicillin, sulfonamides, autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, dermatomyositis involving the kidney.

(3) Toxic substances such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, contrast agents damage the kidneys, heavy metal salts such as mercury, lead, arsenic, gold and other damage to the kidneys.

(4) renal blood supply disorders: such as renal arteriosclerosis, renal artery stenosis and so on.

(5) metabolic abnormalities: such as hyperuricemia, hypercalcemia, long-term hypokalemia and so on.

(6) physical factors: long-term exposure to X-ray, malignant radiotherapy and other radiotherapy.

(7) urinary tract obstruction: obstruction caused by bladder, ureteral reflux to the renal pelvis, ureteral pressure increased renal interstitial, such as infection is more aggravated condition.

(8) tumor direct infiltration of renal interstitial: such as leukemia, lymphoma, cancer cell metastasis caused by renal interstitial damage.

(9) hereditary diseases: such as polycystic kidney disease, renal cysts.

(10) Balkan nephritis: belong to the cause of unknown renal interstitial disease, mainly in southern Europe.

3. Hypertensive atherosclerosis at this time first damage the renal tubules and then damage the glomerular, and glomerulonephritis first damage the glomerular and then damage the renal tubular different.


4. Secondary to metabolic diseases such as diabetes, gout kidney, amyloidosis and so on.